Federal Court Rules Case in Favor of Crypto ICO Against SEC

From CCN.com Dec. 3, 2018

Last week, the U.S. federal court ruled a case between the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and a crypto initial coin offering (ICO) project called Blockvest in favor of the ICO project.

Marco Santori, the president and chief legal officer at Blockchain, said:

“The SEC brought an enforcement action against a company called Blockvest, alleging that Blockvest’s ICO was a securities offering. SEC asked the court for a preliminary injunction (an order freezing Blockvest’s assets, among other things) so it called a hearing on the evidence.”

The SEC failed to justify that the ICO in question was actually a security and the court refused to acknowledge the token as a security solely based on the distribution method of the asset.

Precedent For the Market
The unexpected decision of the federal court is not necessarily a loss for the SEC nor a huge victory for the cryptocurrency sector. As SEC chairman Jay Clayton said, most ICOs that investors in the market talk about are mostly considered securities under existing U.S. regulations.

But, the outcome of the case established a precedent for the market and with some technicalities, some ICOs could potentially challenge the SEC in court and win a case if supported by sufficient evidence.

The SEC and investors in ICOs could also become more cautious in filing a lawsuit against an ICO project, as the court requires the plaintiff to explicitly describe the nature of the asset as a security, unaffected by the method in which the asset was introduced to the market.

“According to the court, in the ICO context there must be a ‘risk of financial loss’. This supports the proposition that something like an airdrop, by itself, cannot be a securities offering, even if the airdropped tokens are pre-functional. Admittedly rare today but possible,” Santori said.

The Blockchain executive, who operates the most widely utilized cryptocurrency wallet platform in the world, added that the federal court “went out of its way” to reject the argument from the SEC that the mere act of distributing an asset through an airdrop or a token sale is a security as it doubled down on its stance that a token offering in itself is not a security.

An important element of the case was the requirement of the court to the SEC to prove that an investor bought the token because the investor was offered the security directly by the issuer. For instance, if an investor in an ICO is to file a lawsuit against the project, the investor will need to prove, somehow, that the investor invested in the token sale directly by looking at the website, whitepaper, or some other information offered by the issuer.

More Complex to Sue an ICO
The recent federal court ruling created a more complex environment for both the SEC and investors in ICOs to challenge the issuer of a token and to claim that a token is a security based on U.S. regulations.

Santori added that the precedent established by the Blockvest case has raised the bar for any plaintiff seeking to sue ICO issuers:

“As my colleagues in twitter law have stated, SEC pretty much got what it wanted with regard to Blockvest. No bloody noses here. The precedent, though, is lasting, and definitely raises the bar for any plaintiff – public or private – seeking to sue ICO issuers. It’s going to be more complex, I think, than any of us realized. And a lot gets lost in the world of ICOs, like remembering.”

Source: https://www.ccn.com/monumental-federal-court-rules-case-in-favor-of-crypto-ico-against-sec/

Blockchain Technology to Reach $3 Trillion by 2030

PwC Report: Blockchain Technology to Reach $3 Trillion by 2030

From CryptoSlate.com by Shaurya Malwa August 28, 2018

PwC, a “Big Four” auditing firm, recently published research that found 84 percent of companies have either a “live” blockchain project or experiment underway.

China Primed to Lead Blockchain Innovation

The company surveyed over 600 executives from 15 countries–including the U.S., India, China, Africa and Sweden–with only 14 percent of respondents having “no involvement in blockchain technology.” (The sum does not equal 100 percent due to rounding.)

The study also found that 30 percent of respondents believe China is set to dominate blockchain development over the next five years, with only 18 percent backing the U.S.

Meanwhile, four out of five executives confirmed blockchain projects were underway at their organizations, with 15 percent of respondents having “live” networks up and running. Thirty-two percent of the firms are still developing their blockchain products, while 10 percent are running pilot models and 7 percent have “paused” research and development.

PwC cited a Gartner report forecasting a $3 trillion market value of blockchain business by 2030, with the survey recognizing ICOs and asset tokenization as a significant feature of the technology’s future.

Trust: A Compelling Concern

A vast majority of the respondents cited regulatory uncertainty and a lack of trust as the “biggest barriers” to mainstream technology adoption, with 45 percent terming it the most significant hurdle to adoption.

Steve Davies, a blockchain consultant at PwC, stated:

“Businesses tell us that they don’t want to be left behind by blockchain, even if at this early stage of its development, concerns on trust and regulation remain.”

Davies added that blockchain technology is “trustless” in nature, but companies “confront trust at nearly every turn.”

Davies noted blockchain technology presents a considerable ecosystem for companies and is unlike an “IT project,” meaning it involves put down rules, robust regulations, globally-accepted standards and perennial flexibility toward regulatory decisions.

Blockchain Frameworks Defined

Survey results are understandably dominated by finance and fintech service companies, with 46 percent respondents calling it the “leading” sector in the coming years. Other identified disruptors were healthcare, industrial manufacturing and energy.

The study also identified four “key areas” for startups and large organizations looking to integrate a blockchain-based framework into their business. These include making the business case, building an ecosystem, concentrating on user-centric design and navigating regulatory uncertainty.

According to Davies:

“A well-designed blockchain doesn’t just cut out intermediaries, it reduces costs and increases speed, reach, transparency and traceability for many business processes. The benefits can be compelling if organizations understand what their endgame is in using the technology, and match that to their design.”

Source: https://cryptoslate.com/pwc-report-blockchain-technology-to-reach-3-trillion-by-2030/

Start-up Bitcoin Rewards Firm Raises $2.25 million

Bitcoin [BTC] rewards start-up raises $2.25 million; Bain Venture Capital one among the investors

From AMBcrypto.com by Priya, Nov. 15, 2018

Earlier today, Lolli, a Bitcoin rewards start-up announced that they have raised $2.25 million in their seed round. The start-up gained investment from the top-notch players across the globe.

This included Bain Capital, a private investment firm based in Boston, Version One, Digital Currency Group, Forerunner Ventures, 3K VC, Quaker Health Ventures, SV Angel, FJ Labs, and Rugged Ventures. More so, the company stated that they gained investment from the “some incredible strategic angels.”

With the investment raised in their seed round, the start-up will be making further improvements on their product, add more merchants, increase the strength their team and increase the adoption of Lolli.

The reward application enables users to gain free Bitcoin when they shop online. This includes various industries such as lifestyle, trade, food, and fashion. Lolli has partnered with over 500 online retail merchants. The company which works towards making Bitcoin more accessible has successfully added Hilton, Marriott, GoDaddy, Priceline, Booking.com, Walgreens, VRBO, and CVS to their partnership list.

The CEO and Founder of Lolli, Alex Adelman, in an interview with The Block said:

People haven’t really thought about the consumer. People want to earn bitcoin more than they want to spend it. You can attract young, affluent users who are tech-savvy if you offer them bitcoin”

Adelman further added:

“We are working with international retailers. Bitcoin is inherently international”

According to The Block, Angela Tran Kingyens, a partner at Version one said:

“Lolli makes it incredibly simple for people to earn bitcoin when they shop online. All a user has to do is sign up for Lolli and shop at one of 750+ top online stores, and they will automatically get bitcoin deposited to their Lolli wallet. The simplicity of the product and mass appeal of shopping will lead to broader adoption of bitcoin.”

Source: https://ambcrypto.com/bitcoin-btc-rewards-start-up-raises-2-25-million-bain-venture-capital-one-among-the-investors/

IPOS Are Having a Record-Breaking Year

A RECORD-BREAKING YEAR FOR IPOS

AngelList Weekly, November 15, 2018

2019 is shaping up to be a breakout year for tech IPOs.

The economy is strong, unemployment rates are low, and investor optimism is high with rising tech valuations. Airbnb, Slack, and Lyft could all go public within the next year, and despite its slowing growth, Uber is among the most anticipated offerings in years.

The ride-sharing company's latest valuation sits just over $70 billion, but recent estimates could have it pegged at upwards of $100 billion. Even though Uber announced $1.07 billion in third-quarter losses Wednesday, it still has the potential to be the biggest IPO in history. Alibaba currently holds that title for its $25 billion offering in 2014, but at a rumored valuation of $120 billion, Uber would only need to offer a fraction of its shares to take the crown.

For comparison, Uber’s possible $120 billion valuation would be roughly four times Airbnb’s current $31 billion, eight times Lyft’s $15 billion, and over 17 times Slack’s $7 billion.

The numbers are staggering in their own right, but their potential is even more impressive when you consider activity from earlier this year. In the first quarter of 2018, "the median IPO size for U.S., VC-backed companies was $110 million," according to a Pitchbook analysis.

By the end of September, 173 U.S. IPOs had raised just over $45 billion, according to data from PwC. That's almost a 50% increase compared to the same period in 2017. And while 2018 has seen the strongest IPO activity since 2014, if the tech giants currently expected to go public in 2019 follow through, we’ll have a front-row seat to record-breaking activity.

As Bloomberg aptly described it: "The last time three 11-figure U.S. tech companies went public in the same year, Bill Clinton was president and Apple Inc. was worth less than 1% of Microsoft Corp. That was 2000, when, with air leaking out of the dot-com bubble, the company that made the Palm Pilot was valued at $21 billion."

Source:  https://angel.co/newsletters/a-record-breaking-year-for-ipos-111518

VC Funding: Turning it Down Might Be Good for Your Business

Why Not Getting VC Funding Might Be Better for Your Business

Here's why lifestyle businesses appeal to so many entrepreneurs.

From Entrepreneur.com by Jim Price, Nov. 6, 2018

When I started teaching a new venture creation elective to MBAs 15 years and over 2,000 students ago, I'd tell my student teams they each had to come up with -- and develop a compelling plan for -- a (theoretically) VC-backable startup concept. Made sense, right? MBAs wanted to be part of building the Next Big Thing, and venture capital-backed startups had driven a massive tech boom over the prior decade -- a wave I'd been lucky enough to ride.

But, it didn't take me long to ease up on that "it's gotta be VC-backable" requirement. Looking back, I had three reasons for that shift:

Startup lessons tend to apply across the board: First, folks immersed in the action-based learning exercise of mapping out a startup consistently reported back, after reentering the workforce, that they were able to apply those learnings and frameworks to almost any entrepreneurial -- or intrapreneurial -- experience in their careers.

Many people find low-tech businesses more appealing: Second, a lot of teams would come up with quite interesting but low-tech startup ideas. As I discussed in my recent article, "Who Would Invest in Your Startup, and Why?," low-tech businesses rarely represent interesting investments to VCs, primarily because of low valuation multiples (often due to limited growth upside).

A vanishingly small proportion of all startups raise VC financing: Finally, I looked at the numbers and realized that most startups -- indeed, even most very successful startups -- do not raise money from venture capitalists. According to statistics from the U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 saw approximately 556,000 business applications from corporations (what they call CBAs) in the U.S. (That's only about 18 percent of all new business applications, to make sure we're not counting sole proprietorships, two- to three-person professional services practices, and so on.) Meanwhile, Venture Monitor data from PitchBook and the National Venture Capital Association tells us that, during the same period, U.S. "first financings" from VCs (as opposed to follow-on financings) numbered 2,676, or less than one-half of 1 percent of new corporations started. Now granted, first financings from VCs will tend to occur one to three years after a company first incorporates, but the statistics year-to-year are similar enough that the proportionality doesn't change in a meaningful way.

But, what I teach and how I teach it completely aside, my real "a-ha" has been a growing appreciation for non-VC-backable startups and how they can represent a genuinely appealing path for many entrepreneurs. Let's look at the positive side of the ledger for so-called lifestyle businesses:

Ownership and control
Raising equity financing from VCs -- or, for that matter, angels -- comes with a downside that few talk about: pressure to achieve a liquity event (sale of the company or IPO) within a fairly short time horizon (we're talking three to six years, typically). Since your company needs to be pretty massive to go public, we're really talking about pressure to sell the company. If you don't raise equity financing, you're in far better control of your own destiny. If you're in a reasonably protected niche, you've got the luxury of time to grow at a more leisurely pace. It's also up to you as to whether you want a board or directors and/or advisory board, and whom you want to invite to join.

Less dependency and greater chances of success
On the one hand, you'll need to fund your lifestyle businesses through savings, credit cards, friend-and-family loans, bank lines of credit, small business loans and the like. And while it may sound sexier to load up on lots of VC rocket fuel for your startup, as we've discussed, that funding path assumes you'll be one of the select few who's successful in attracting VC investment, and it comes with outside pressure to "go big or go home" and sell the company. So in general, you can think of well-crafted lifestyle businesses as being lower upside, but also lower risk. Taking the lifestyle business route, you stand a higher chance of getting airborne and achieving some level of success.

More options in life
If you own and control the business, you can decide the degree to which you choose to grow it aggressively to maximize cash flow or wealth, versus taking a more casual approach. Perhaps you'll decide to build the business to a certain plateau and then simply manage it for free cash flow that makes work an option. And, building a lifestyle business in this fashion by no means precludes eventually selling the company if you choose -- or, alternatively, handing it down to your kids some day.

You can still leverage technology.
Whereas a lot of lifestyle businesses are low-tech in nature, increasingly, we're finding that even those entrepreneurs are creatively leveraging technology to successfully launch, grow and become more profitable. Social media campaigns, search-optimized websites, customer newsletters and referral networks can all play a crucial role. And behind the scenes, smart lifestyle entrepreneurs are exercising the muscle of low-cost, online tools for everything from brand management to accounting and finance, inventory control, customer relationship management, point-of-sale tools and HR management.

Building a VC-backed startup can be bracing and both personally and financially rewarding. Been there, got the t-shirt. But, nobody's going to feel sorry for you if you get your lifestyle startup to the point where you've created life options such as hiring a general manager and calling in from the lake house a couple of times a week to check in.

Source:  https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/322417

Blockchain Startups

How To Grow Your Startup With Blockchain In 2019?

From TheStartup on Medium, by Mantra Malhotra, Nov. 1 2018

2019 is coming and Blockchain has gained a huge popularity in a very short period of time. Currently, it is helping reshape industries in multiple domains viz. Healthcare, finance, manufacturing, education, and government.

It will continue to evolve more and be used in many innovative ways. So, it is the peak time to leverage Blockchain for transforming your business and reshaping your target industries.

Before we start discussing how Blockchain technology can help your business grow in the near future, just take a close look at some interesting Blockchain stats:

As per Statista, it was expected in 2017 that the global Blockchain technology market would reach 339.5 million U.S. dollars in size and is expected to grow to 2.3 billion U.S. dollars by 2021.

According to the latest survey from IBM, it suggests that 65 percent of major global banks will use Blockchain technology within just three years. As per the reports by the same source, 17% of Banks will go to have full Blockchain product.

In terms of its usage, according to Statista, about 53 percent of respondents stated that their companies are working on a supply chain use case.

In this blog, we will discuss some ways using which you can build your own business with Blockchain technology and the respective apps.

Below given the list of such ways/strategies:

1) Connect with Blockchain

As a startup, first, you come up with a new and fresh business idea. It doesn’t matter how difficult your traditional startup business idea may seem, technology can make it look perfect and seamless.

Whether you want to start a business or scale the one you are already running, blockchain can help you in a number of ways. Some of these are listed below:

-> Help you with marketing via its transparency feature and accurate tracking.

-> Help you with funding through Blockchain ICOs.

-> Help you with security through its cryptographic system.

So use the above ideas and integrate them into your startup business which can make your next success story for a long period of time.

2) Use Blockchain-powered ICO

If you are a startup and have a great business idea, one that you are sure your target audience will love. But not having the necessary funds to advance your startup vision. Then no need to worry now as it is a common problem for all startup businesses. Traditional venture capital is actually difficult to achieve.

Today, the Blockchain technology initial coin offerings (ICO) throw good news for aspiring entrepreneurs. Start thinking of the ICOs as a way to democratize the initial financing. They provide a platform to raise funds from individual investors, assuring emerging entrepreneurs that no one is alone in this.

Few things to take care of when you are starting a business with Blockchain are mentioned below:

-> Refine your idea

-> Configure the blockchain for your new token

-> Receive the seed capital to finance your new company

A number of your competitors are already benefiting from these offers, attracting huge sums of money from the ICO driven by blockchain. According to Coindesk reports, in the second quarter of 2017, entrepreneurs raised about $ 291 million through ICO, compared to $ 187 million in traditional risk funds.

Make sure you have the technical expertise to consume all the benefits that ICO has to offer. For this, you can hire a developer to help you in this effort as they can make sure that your ICO driven by blockchain serves not only to raise funds but also as a tool to create steady growth.

3) Use crypto to run your ads

In order to grow your startup business, it is important to promote it properly. In an era of widespread online advertising frauds that attract attention, promoting your startup business can be challenging as building and executing it.

Desperate to promote their products, startups often bombard their customers with torrents of bulletins, coupons, practical guides, and innumerable advertisements.

The reasons usually lack attention because business leaders do not really know what exactly their clients want. They are simply waiting for their messages to attract enough customers.

However, crypto can professionally address groups of key customers with messages that resonate with them. Blockchain combines an excellent level of tracking and transparency with the ability to collect accurate data. Together with this, it guarantees the optimal frequency of ad display for each consumer.

4) Cryptography protects your startup

As we already know that cryptography can protect your data online, defend your e-commerce site, and protect your company’s files better than any other solution.

Powered by the digital signature, as well as by private and public keys, cryptography is an incredible solution for protecting your data in today’s digital business world. The reason behind its success is that it transmits information in codes. Thus, keeping the data illegible for unauthorized users.

Youngwhan “Nick” Lee, CEO of EcoVerse and founder of the W3C Blockchain community said that “Transaction logs are verified every time they move from one blockchain node to another,” and “That helps you track and review your audits. Simple and seamless fashion.”

However, you can take the cryptography beyond the protection of the data of your startup. It can help authenticate your potential customers, separating real buyers from cybercriminals.

Some major blockchain apps are listed below that can help your business:

- Apps for Notary: Uproov

- Apps for Distributed cloud storage: Storj

- Apps for Supply chain communications

- Apps for Smart Contracts

- Apps for Payments and money transfers

- Apps for Digital identity

- Apps for Networking & IOT

- Apps for Gift cards: Gyft Block

Conclusion:

So far we have seen the list of strategies/ways in which your startup can build a great business. Using the above-mentioned ideas, it will help you quickly develop blockchain applications to redefine your startup business networks.

In addition, by hiring a reliable blockchain web development company such as ValueCoders, you can achieve this goal.

At ValueCoders, we have a proficient team of Blockchain web developers who have successfully delivered more than 4200 projects to more than 500 happy customers along with their expert software testing services around the world.

Source: https://medium.com/swlh/how-to-grow-your-startup-using-blockchain-in-2019-44d4e6682147

Top funded blockchain startups & companies by total funding raised:

	Number of  Funding  Rounds	Total  Funding  Amount
Coinbase	7	$525.3M
Circle	5	$246M
Qulian Technology	3	CN¥1.5B
Bitfury Group	5	$170M
HashCash Consultants	3	$150M
Figure	2	$100M
Blockchain Industries Inc	1	$100M
Oasis Labs	5	$90M
Ledger	4	$85.1M
High Fidelity	5	$72.9M

Venture Capital Funding for Coinbase - $300 Million

Venture Capital Funding for Coinbase in $300M Series E Round

From VCnewsdaily.com 2018-10-30

SAN FRANCISCO, CA, Coinbase, a cryptocurrency exchange, has raised $300 million in Series E funding.

According to Fortune, Coinbase, the most popular cryptocurrency exchange in the U.S., announced on Tuesday a massive Series E venture capital funding round that values the company at $8 billion.

The company announced the $300 million investment in a blog post, which said the venture capital funding is being led by New York-based Tiger Global, and will be used to accelerate global expansion and the offering of more cryptocurrencies.

"We see hundreds of cryptocurrencies that could be added to our platform today and we will lay the groundwork to support thousands in the future," wrote Coinbase Chief Operating Officer Assif Hirji in the post.

Currently, Coinbase only offers Bitcoin and a handful of other cryptocurrencies, in part due to concerns that many digital currencies may be securities that must be registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

The latest venture capital funding round, which follows a $100 million round in August of 2017, is being led by New York-based Tiger Global with contributions from Y Combinator Continuity, Wellington Management, Andreessen Horowitz, and Polychain Capital among others.

A source close to Coinbase told Fortune the company will also be bringing on other investors in the near future via a secondary offering worth $200 million or more. This offering would serve as a vehicle for some employees and early investors to cash in their shares, and would not change the overall amount of venture capital funding raised by Coinbase.

The Series E venture capital funding round also points to Coinbase possibly going public in 2019. While the company hasn't discussed a specific timeline to go public, CEO Brian Armstrong recently stated he would like to run a public company.

Source: https://vcnewsdaily.com/coinbase/venture-capital-funding/thzywhvhrd

Funding for Startups in the D.C. Area Reached $50 Million in October

Funding Roundup: D.C.-Area Startups Raised $50M in October

By Kieran McQuilkin - October 31, 2018
Topic: Funding for Startups

October was another quiet month volume-wise for DMV term sheets, with just one high-value deal moving big money into the local startup scene and several around $4 million and $5 million. At least 11 D.C. metro-area startups (including Baltimore) raised a combined $50 million in funding, led by an eight-figure venture round by Bethesda data analytics company Aledade.

The biggest tech funding deal came from D.C.-based sales software company Afiniti, which quietly raised $130 million in a Series D round, valuing it at $1.6 billion and making it the metro area’s newest unicorn. Since it was founded in 2016, it aged out of our startup roundup, but was a notable capital infusion nonetheless.

A few investment groups got in on the action as well, with the opening of a $300 million fund for a District-based venture capital firm and the closing of a Vienna firm’s first outside fund of $250 million.

FYI, we cover startup funding news in the DC Inno Beat newsletter every weekday. Stay on top of who’s getting funded by signing up here. See you in the inbox.

Below are the 11 local startups that raised capital in October.

Aledade, a Bethesda-based data analytics software company that helps doctors cut costs on readmissions, raised $23 million in new venture funding. Palo Alto-based Meritech Capital Partners led the round, contributing $15 million. The new money is a continuation of a prior round, and it adds to a $23 million round late last year.

On-demand technology repair company Fixt hauled in $6.5 million in Series A funding. The round was led by San Francisco-based Precursor Ventures and U.S. Cellular, with participation from Naples Technology Ventures and additional existing investors. The Baltimore-based startup previously raised a $1.4 million seed round in early 2016.

Columbia, Md.-based Zentail, which helps small retailers manage their e-commerce operations across websites like Amazon and eBay, raised $5 million. Initialized Capital led the Series A round for the 3-year-old startup, with participation from FundersClub. It has previously raised $1.2 million in seed funding.

Baltimore startup Hunt a Killer, which sells subscription boxes with mystery puzzles is seeking up to $5 million in venture capital to support customer growth and new products. It expects to have 50,000 customers by yearend. Last month, the company also announced a long-term $8 million funding deal from Clearbanc.

UMB-born biotech startup Breethe has raised at least $3.5 million of a $5 million funding round toward its quest to create artificial lungs. It spun out of the university in 2014 and is backed by more than $5 million in previous funding, including a $3 million round reported in December last year.

D.C.-based nonprofit edtech startup CommonLit is continuing its blockbuster growth with a $3.5 million grant from Google. In June this year, CommonLit nabbed $4 million in funding from backers including AT&T, Teach for America, the EPIC Foundation, Arthur Rock Foundation and others.

Bethesda-based cybersecurity startup Syncurity closed a $2 million round of investment. The new funding was led by the Maryland Technological Development Corporation, better known as TEDCO, which has made a variety of startup investments. Syncurity, founded by JP Bourget in 2014, raised an undisclosed seed round in 2014 and $380,000 in 2016.

Byte Back, a nonprofit that offers technology training and job placement to underserved populations in the D.C. area, is expanding its services to Baltimore with a $775,000 grant from TD Bank. The grant came as part of the inaugural TD Ready Challenge, which this year focused on financial security and awarded the same total to 10 organizations in the U.S. and Canada.

D.C.-based voice app creator XAPP Media raised at least $750,000 from seven investors in a maximum $2 million equity round, according to SEC filings. The company has launched and manages over 1,000 apps on Amazon Alexa, Google Assistant and Microsoft’s Catana. It’s no stranger to fundraising, having hauled in $11.3 million in capital since 2014, according to a Crunchbase tally.

Maryland-based AI startup RedShred was awarded a $745,000 Small Business Innovation Research Phase 2 grant from the National Science Foundation. The grant will be provided over 18 months for development and commercialization of its technology, which analyzes and produces summaries of lengthy proposal documents for government contractors, grant researchers and universities. The company previously was awarded a $225,000 Phase 1 SBIR grant in 2016.

David Adler, founder and CEO of event-planning platform BizBash Media, along with his company and family invested over $500,000 in D.C.-based startup Goodshuffle. Goodshuffle launched four years ago and makes a software tool designed for event rental, production and entertainment companies to manage inventory, track sales and streamline operations.

A pair of investment companies made moves in October as well:

D.C. venture capital firm Updata Partners opened a $300 million raise for its latest fund. The fund, which targets later-stage companies and provides growth funding, has invested in several D.C.-area startups, including real estate platform Homesnap and content creation platform Storyblocks. According to its website, the VC firm has raised $750M in committed capital and invested in more than 40 companies.

Vienna-based growth equity firm Aldrich Capital Partners closed on its first outside fund, raking in $256 million. The investment company had previously used a self-funded $50M to invest in several startups, including Cofense, which sold for $400 million this year. Aldrich partners said the fund will be aimed at companies in healthcare IT, fintech and software that are still led by their founders and haven’t yet raised institutional funding.

Source: https://www.americaninno.com/dc/funding-dc/funding-roundup-d-c-area-startups-raised-50m-in-october/

Crypto Startups Welcomed by Boost VC

Boost VC Issues Call for Crypto Startups

From CCN.com Oct 29, 2018

Technology startup accelerator Boost VC has announced that it is accepting applications from crypto startups to join Tribe 12, its latest accelerator program cohort. Since 2012, Boost VC has graduated several cohorts with more than 75 crypto-related projects including prominent blockchain projects like Etherscan, Aragon, and MyCrypto.

According to the announcement, which appeared in a Medium post, the company is seeking to invest in blockchain startups that provide solutions for cross chain functionality, front end blockchain solutions, crypto team building and maintenance, and general blockchain scaling.

‘Missing Puzzle Pieces’
Boost VC describes its investment focus for Tribe 12 as an attempt to fill in missing pieces in the blockchain and crypto adoption puzzle from an infrastructure point of view. While investors like Goldman Sachs continue to grab headlines with eye-catching investments in startups focused on crypto custody and trading solutions, Boost VC is taking its investment from a wider perspective, seeking out startups that can build nuts-and-bolts blockchain solutions such as cross-chain navigation interfaces and management solutions for the peculiar challenge of distributed crypto teams.

Applications are welcomed from startups interested in creating decentralised frameworks for commerce, communication and government similar to ConsenSys, but operating on other non-Ethereum blockchains. According to Boost VC, the goal is to explore studio builder models for quick iterations on bringing crypto mainstream. Boost VC is also looking for projects focused on the creation and management of crypto teams, which come with the unique and unprecedented challenge of being almost entirely remote, contractor-heavy instead of employee-based, and having the near-instant liquidity offered by crypto payments, which creates a different incentive model from traditional startups.

In addition, projects that create cross-chain interfaces outside of custody, exchange and wallet solutions are particularly prized for investment. This is because Boost VC sees such projects as essentially land grabs offering the opportunity to build a blockchain interaction utility that can be recreated across the other top 5 – 10 blockchain networks.

The company also says it is looking for the “Coinbase for other blockchains/dapps” as well as a possible solution for legal gambling that takes advantage of differing regulatory environments across jurisdictions. Country-specific custody solutions and security trading solutions are also mentioned.

An excerpt from the announcement reads:

“Regulatory arbitrage plays. We invest globally. Therefore we will look at teams using certain jurisdictions to their advantage. Areas of legal gambling. Custody designed for specific countries. Trading securities.”

Projects working on such solutions are encouraged to apply to Boost VC’s Tribe 12 accelerator batch.
Source: https://www.ccn.com/boost-vc-issues-call-for-crypto-startups/

Blockchain Capital Funding is Growing - Venture Capital Top 20

Top 20 Venture Capital Firms Investing in Blockchain Companies

CryptoFundResearch from June 2018

What are the top venture capital firms investing in blockchain companies and startups? This is not as simple of a question as it may first appear. What exactly is a “top” blockchain VC?  Total blockchain assets? Total number of blockchain investments? How long or how actively they’ve been investing in blockchain companies?

There’s no obvious way to rank the top venture investors in blockchain. So we included all of the above components in our rankings. You can see details of our methodology here.

The short answer is these are the 20 most important and influential venture capital companies investing in blockchain and cryptocurrency companies. They are ranked according to four key criteria: value of total blockchain investments, total number of blockchain investments, length of blockchain investment experience, and level of investment activity in the last 12 months.

Be sure to scroll to the bottom for a variety of charts, graphs, and other resources to help visualize the world of venture capital investment in blockchain and crypto.

Top 50 Blockchain VCs – Key Stats

# of Blockchain Deals, Total: 556
# of Blockchain Deals, Last 12 Months (through 6/15/2018): 282
Overall Deal Volume, Total: $1.19 billion USD
Average Deal Size: $2.1 million USD
Average # of Co-Investors: 5
Most Common Deal Type: Seed funding
Most Active Blockchain Investor: Digital Currency Group
% Investing Exclusively in crypto/blockchain assets: 34%

Top 50 Blockchain Venture Capital Firms

#1 Digital Currency Group
Digital Currency Group DCG crypto fund
Description: Digital Currency Group is clearly the most influential venture capital investor in the blockchain space. Based in New York, Digital Currency Group has made more investments in blockchain companies, and for more money, than any other investor. Not only was Digital Currency Group one of the first blockchain investors, they have made more blockchain investments in the last 12 months (15) than all but 9 other VCs have made over any period.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 58
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $78 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Basis, Ledger, Circle, Blockchain Inc.
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: Yes
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 15
Based in: New York, NY
Website: http://dcg.co

#2 Pantera Capital
Pantera Capital crypto fund
Description: Pantera barely edged out Blockchain Capital for the number two spot on our list. Based in Menlo Park where the Bay Area’s tech and VC worlds collide, Pantera ranked in the top 10 in all four criteria we looked at for our rankings. Unlike most of the pure venture capital funds on this list, Pantera is a hybrid hedge fund / venture fund making seed investments in blockchain companies as well as investing in tokens and cryptocurrencies.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 31
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $65 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Basis, Circle, Harbor, DMarket
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: Yes
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 13
Based in: Menlo Park, CA
Website: https://www.panteracapital.com

#3 Blockchain Capital
Blockchain Capital crypto fund
Description: Blockchain Capital came in a close third on our rankings of the top venture capital investors in blockchain. Like Digital Currency Group and Pantera Capital, Blockchain Capital is a pure blockchain venture fund. Their first investment in blockchain came in late 2013 with their Series A investment in BTCC, the world’s oldest Bitcoin trading platform, and since that time has made more blockchain investments than anyone but Digital Currecncy Group. Blockchain Capital is based in San Francisco, CA.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 37
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $71 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Circle, Coinbase, Blockstream, Ripple
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: Yes
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 12
Based in: San Francisco, CA
Website: http://blockchain.capital

#4 Andreessen Horowitz (a16z)
andreessen horowitz ventures crypto fund
Description: Andreessen Horowitz, also know as a16z, is one of the world’s largest venture capital firms, and the first VC on our list to not invest almost exclusively in blockchain and digital assets. In fact, digital assets make up only a fraction of a16z’s more than $4 billion in assets. Andreessen got their start in blockchain investing in 2013 with an angel investment in Ripple followed by early stage venture funding of Coinbase. Since then, they have made nearly a dozen other blockchain investments in companies like Basis, Harbor, and Chia Networks. Look for Andreessen to move even farther up this list with their recent announcement of their $300 million crypto-focused fund.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 14
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $55 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Basis, Coinbase, DFINITY, Harbor
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: No (but recently launched fund focused on digital assets)
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 9
Based in: Menlo Park, CA
Website: https://www.a16z.com

#5 Node Capital
Node Capital Crypto Fund LogoDescription: Unlike other top venture funds on our list that primarily make seed and series A investments in blockchain companies, Node Capital primarily invests via initial coin offerings (ICOs). Node Capital is based in Beijing and has made most of its nearly two dozen blockchain investments in Chinese startups like Fengwo and ChinaUp.com. They have been the most active blockchain investor over the last 12 months. Node was co-founded by Jun Du, CEO of Cointime.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 22
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $20 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Trip.io, HuoBi, Delphy Foundation, Fengwo
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: Yes
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 21
Based in: Beijing, China
Website: http://www.nodecap.com

#6 Boost VC
Boost VC crypto fund
Description: Boost VC is an artificial intelligence, blockchain, and crypto accelerator based in San Mateo, California. Boost began its foray into blockchain investments in 2014 with a seed round in Ripio. Since then, they have made more than 30 additional investments in crypto and blockchain including almost a dozen in the last 12 months, making them one of the world’s most active venture capital / accelerators in blockchain.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 32
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $67 million
Top Blockchain Investments: BlockCypher, Tezos, Ledger, Coinbase
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: No
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 11
Based in: San Mateo, CA
Website: https://www.boost.vc/

#7 IDG Capital
IDG Capital crypto venture and private equity fund logoDescription: IDG Capital is a private equity and venture capital fund based in New York. Like Boost VC, they invest in a variety of companies and not exclusively in blockchain and crypto assets. IDG got its start in blockchain with a Series A investment in Ripple in 2013, though they typically make later stage venture investments. IDG Capital made few other blockchain investments until 2018 when they made investments in Huoxing 24, Circle, imToken, and Mars Finance in just the first five months of the year. In addition to their main New York office, IDG has a satellite office in Bangalore, India.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 8
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $31 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Ripple, Circle, Mars Finance, imToken
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: No
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 4
Based in: New York, NY
Website: http://en.idgcapital.com

#8 Draper Associates
Draper Associates blockchain venture capital fundDescription: Draper Associates is based in San Mateo, CA and led by legendary venture investor Tim Draper. Draper makes early stage venture investments in a variety of technology, manufacturing, and healthcare companies including blockchain companies and startups.  Their first investment in blockchain came with a 2014 seed investment in Augmate, an IoT and wearables company focused on enterprise.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 17
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $25 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Coinbase, Ledger, Factom, CryptoMove
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: No
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 6
Based in: San Mateo, CA
Website: http://www.draper.vc

#9 Ceyuan Ventures
Ceyuan Ventures blockchain venture fundDescription: Ceyuan Ventures is an early stage VC based in Beijing, China, with an additional office in Hong Kong. They primarily invest in technology companies and have made a half dozen significant blockchain investments in companies like Basis, Mars Finance and Trip.io. Their first blockchain investment came in 2014, and, after making no new blockchain investments in 2016 and 2017, made four in the first half of 2018.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 6
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $36 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Basis, Mars Finance, Trip.io, OkCoin
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: No
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 4
Based in: Beijing, China
Website: http://www.ceyuan.com/en/index.html

#10(T) Lightspeed Venture Partners
Lightspeed Venture Partners crypto fundDescription: Lightspeed is a global venture capital firm based in Menlo Park with six additional offices including in Israel, China, and India. They primarily invest in consumer and enterprise sectors and have also made several investments in blockchain companies like Basis and Ripple. They are also made an early investment in BTC China via LIghtspeed China Partners.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 6
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $24 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Basis, Blockchain Inc., Saga Foundation, BTCC
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: No
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 3
Based in: Menlo Park, CA
Website: http://lsvp.com

#10(T) Techstars
Techstars blockchain venture capital fundDescription: Techstars is a venture capital and technology company accelerator based in Boulder, Colorado. Their entry into blockchain investing came with a seed round investment in Chroma in 2013. Since then, Techstars has made more than three dozen additional, mostly small, investments in blockchain companies.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 37
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $3 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Filament, Tok.tv, Storj Labs, Chainalysis
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: No
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 17
Based in: Boulder, CO
Website: https://www.techstars.com

#12 RRE Ventures
RRE top crypto venture fundDescription: RRE is a venture capital firm based in New York. They invest in technology, media, and financial services companies. RRE began investing in blockchain with a 2013 seed investment in Paxos followed by seed and angel rounds in Gem the following year. In total, RRE Ventures has made angel, seed, and series A and B investments in a dozen blockchain and crypto companies and startups.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 12
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $32 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Paxos, Ripple, Abra, Gem
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: No
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 2
Based in: New York, NY
Website: http://www.rre.com/

#13 Union Square Ventures
Union Square Ventures crypto fundDescription: Next on the list of top venture funds investing in blockchain is Union Square Ventures. USV is one that many may have expected to rank a bit higher on our list. Along with Sequoia, they were one of the most prominent venture funds to be involved in early investing in blockchain companies. However, they have not been as active of late as many newer entrants and blockchain-specific funds. USV is based in New York, NY.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 9
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $28 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Coinbase, CryptoKitties, Polychain Capital
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: No
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 3
Based in: New York, NY
Website: https://www.usv.com/

#14 General Catalyst
General Catalyst crypto venture fundDescription: General Catalyst is a venture capital firm based in Cambridge, MA. They typically make early stage investments in technology companies. They have made series A, B, C, and D investments in Circle, a crypto finance company. In March of 2018 General Catalyst closed a nearly $1.4 billion fund, its largest to date.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 6
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $28 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Circle, Bitwise, Bluzelle
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: No
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 2
Based in: Cambridge, MA
Website: http://generalcatalyst.com

#15 Liberty City Ventures
Liberty City Ventures crypto fundDescription: Liberty City Ventures is a seed stage venture capital firm based in New York, NY. Founded in 2012, Liberty City made it’s first blockchain investment in late 2013 with seed funding for Paxos. They have participated in multiple funding rounds for both Paxos and Libra. In May, 2018 Liberty City announced its Digital Currency Fund had raised $15 million and would invest exclusively in cryptocurrency startups.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 5
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $29 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Paxos, Libra
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: Yes (via Digital Currency Fund)
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 2
Based in: New York, NY
Website: https://www.libertycityventures.com/

#16 500 Startups
500 Startups blockchain VC fundDescription: 500 Startups is an early stage VC and incubator fund based in San Francisco, CA. They have invested in well over 1,000 companies. Among their many startup investments are several blockchain companies including Libra Credit Network, BlockCypher, and Hijro. 500 Startups is led by its CEO, Christine Tsai. In early 2018, 500 Startups announced it would team with Houbi Labs to create a blockchain track program to help blockchain entrepreneurs.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 16
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $5 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Libra Credit Network, BlockCypher, Hijro, Stably Blockchain Lab
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: No
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 4
Based in: San Francisco, CA
Website: https://500.co

#17 DHVC (Danhua Capital)
dhvc blockchain vc fundDescription: Danhua Capital (DHVC) is a venture capital firm based in Palo Alto, CA. DHVC primarily makes early stage investments in technology companies including almost two dozen investments in blockchain startups. DHVC has really picked up the pace of their blockchain investments this year. In just the first six months of 2018 they have made 15 seed and venture investments in blockchain companies like Hash World, Mainframe, and CertiK.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 21
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $20 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Libra Credit Network, Hedera Hashgraph, Origin Protocol
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: No
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 19
Based in: Palo Alto, CA
Website: http://www.danhuacap.com/

#18 Kindred Ventures
Kindred Ventures top blockchain venture capital fundDescription: Kindred Ventures is an angel/VC fund based in San Francisco and San Diego, CA.  They invest in early stage companies including at least a half dozen blockchain companies. Kindred was founded by Steve Jang in 2014.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 6
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $15 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Radar Relay, TruStory, dYdX, Rare Bits
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: No
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 5
Based in: San Diego, CA
Website: https://kindredvc.com

#19 Sequoia Capital
Sequoia Capital crypto venture fundDescription: Some might be surprised to see Sequoia so far down the list of the top venture capital firms investing in blockchain. For one, Sequoia is one of California’s best know venture firms. They have also been in the news regarding blockchain with a high profile lawsuit against crypto exchange Binance. Sequoia has also been involved in some high profile deals, but not as many as some of the top players on our list.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 8
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $12 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Guanguan Coin, String Labs, Binance
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: No
Blockchain Investments, Last 12 Months: 5
Based in: Menlo Park, CA
Website: www.sequoiacap.com

#20(T) Future Perfect Ventures
Future Perfect Ventures vc crypto fundDescription: Future Perfect Ventures (FPV) is an early stage venture capital firm based in New York, NY. FPV’s portfolio mostly consists of blockchain and crypto companies like Abra, BitPesa, Harbor, Blockchain Inc. and others. FPV was founded by Jalak Jobanputra.

Total Blockchain Company Investments: 11
Value of Venture Investments in Blockchain: $15 million
Top Blockchain Investments: Blockstream, Blockchain Inc., Harbor, Abra
Exclusively Invests in Blockchain/Digital Assets: No, but mostly

To see the list of all top 50 firms, visit the link below.

Source: https://cryptofundresearch.com/top-50-venture-capital-firms-investing-blockchain-companies/

Blockchain Technology Plus Venture Capital Equals Boston's Startup Culture

Venture Capital and Blockchain Technology in Boston’s Startup Culture

From Americaninno.com by Kirill Bensonoff Oct. 9, 2018

When people think of Boston, several things typically come to mind: cravings for clam chowder, the iconic Fenway Park, and the exaggerated “BAston” pronunciation from strangers. Lately, the city that spawned companies as diverse as Gillette and DraftKings is becoming known for its vibrant startup culture that’s launching dozens of new companies each year.

This is not surprising.

Our city has twice been named the top startup community in the U.S. by the “Innovation that Matters” report compiled by the organization 1776 and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce Foundation.

This fact is not lost on entrepreneurs. According to The Boston Globe, 1,869 startups are operating in Boston, and those numbers continue to increase as our venture capital scene becomes more competitive with other startup hubs including San Francisco and New York. In terms of actual investment dollars, San Francisco leads the nation, but Bloomberg’s assessment of regional startup investment found that Boston places near the top of the list in each of the last several years. This year, Boston’s venture capital initiatives jumped 15%, surpassing New York City for second place in the national rankings.

In the past, the city’s prominent universities served as a launching pad for some of the most famous platforms in the world, but those businesses typically found their way to other cities once they became popular. For instance, Facebook, which began in 2004 in Mark Zuckerberg’s Harvard dorm room, and Dropbox, founded by Drew Houston while he was studying at MIT, both ultimately moved to San Francisco.

Now, the combination of available venture capital and the innovative ethos promulgated by Boston’s universities is encouraging companies to stay. Therefore, as the next wave of innovation is preparing for launch, Boston is uniquely suited to meet the new demand.

The Cryptocurrency & Blockchain Movement

Just like internet startups were on the precipice of mass adoption more than two decades ago, blockchain technology is at the forefront of the innovation curve. In addition to receiving significant investment and attention from companies like Microsoft and IBM, hundreds of startups are building new platforms to meet the demands of the decentralized economy.

In 2018, nearly 700 new blockchain startups launched through Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs). Collectively, these companies have raised $17.5 billion this year, which is more than triple the amount from the previous two years.

Not to be left on the sidelines, several prominent venture capitalists have picked up on this movement. Andreessen Horowitz launched a $300 million venture capital focused on blockchain startups, Tim Draper has committed a similar amount to various ICOs, and Sequoia Capital prominently entered the market last year.

At this year’s Boston Blockchain Week, local venture capital firm Pillar asserted themselves as the de facto financing arm of Boston’s blockchain scene. In an event roundup, Pillar encouraged ICOs looking for funding to “Call Pillar first, obviously.”

Venture Capital Streams

In many ways, the ICO model was meant to disrupt traditional capital raising methods including venture capital initiatives.

Instead, venture capital and ICOs are operating in tandem with one another. In May, Bloomberg observed, “While ICOs were supposed to disrupt venture capital, such funding in blockchain-based companies is surging, with startups raising $434 million since December, the most ever in a three-month period.”

In general, this seems to be a boom for both industries. Venture capital firms are finding fresh relevance and entrepreneurs are afforded another opportunity to finance their platforms.

The Challenges of Change

The ICO movement isn’t without its detractions.

For starters, this novel fundraising mechanism remains in a state of regulatory limbo. Although the SEC has decided that Bitcoin and Ether, the two most popular cryptocurrencies, should not be regulated as securities, there is a broad expectation that some ICOs will eventually be classified as such.

In short, VCs are participating in a game in which some of the rules are still being written.

This ambiguity is illustrative of the broad crypto movement. It’s an industry under construction, and it can change swiftly. Venture capital firms will be tasked with keeping up with this rapid innovation and the emerging legal framework that accompanies its novelty.

Boston & The Blockchain

While blockchain sentiment can fluctuate wildly, it’s evident that the decentralized ecosystem is not going away any time soon.

Many describe the blockchain economy as the third iteration of the internet, which places tremendous scale and opportunity in the industry. Of course, like any burgeoning industry, there are likely to be an abundance of failures, and blockchain prognosticators have indicated as much.

Last October, Ethereum co-founder, Vitalik Buterin, told a crowd at the ETHWaterloo Hackathon in Canada that “It is an established fact that ninety percent of startups fail. And it should also be an established fact that 90 percent of these ERC20s on CoinMarketCap are going to go to zero.”

Therefore, risk management and market maturation become critical metrics for venture capitalists.

In Boston, the prominence of blockchain technology and the emergence of a dynamic startup culture are bound to coalesce. As the first generation of blockchain platforms begin emerging out of Harvard and MIT, it’s less likely that they will flee to the other coast. Boston is offering everything we need.

Source: https://www.americaninno.com/boston/from-the-community-boston/venture-capital-and-blockchain-technology-in-bostons-startup-culture/

ICO-Funded Startups Getting a Closer Look From The SEC

SEC tightens the noose on ICO-funded startups

From DecryptMedia.com by Daniel Roberts October 10, 2018

Hundreds of startups that did token sales are finding out they’re in violation of securities law— including many that were sure they did it the right way.

During the past few months, the Securities and Exchange Commission has significantly widened its crackdown on certain initial coin offerings, putting hundreds of cryptocurrency startups at risk.

The SEC sent out a slew of initial information-seeking subpoenas at the start of 2018. Now the agency has returned to many of those companies, and subpoenaed many more—focusing on those that failed to properly ensure they sold their token exclusively to accredited investors.

The agency is exerting pressure on many of those companies to settle their cases. In response, dozens of companies have quietly agreed to refund investor money and pay a fine. But many startups that have been subpoenaed say they are left in the dark struggling to satisfy the SEC’s demands, and are uncertain of how others are handling it, according to conversations with more than 15 industry sources as part of a joint investigation by Yahoo Finance and Decrypt.

The sources, many of whom are employees of companies that were subpoenaed by the SEC or are attorneys for those companies, requested anonymity, because the SEC restricts them from discussing the matter.

ICO funding, which began in 2014, exploded in popularity last year as an alternative method to fund a cryptocurrency startup, rather than the traditional venture capital route. In an ICO, a startup sells its own digital token, typically for later use in the ecosystem the startup plans to build; buyers pay for the token in the cryptocurrencies bitcoin or ether. In the majority of cases, companies that do ICOs have not yet launched any product. Think of an ICO as buying chips for use in a casino that hasn’t been built yet.

It is hard to say precisely how many ICOs occurred during the past four years. ICO Alert says it has tracked more than 5,000 but publicly displays only 3,400 “legitimate” ones. CoinDesk, a leading bitcoin trade publication, lists only 800 in the past two years. More than $20 billion has been raised in ICOs to date, but the ICO boom peaked in January 2018. Concerns over the legality of token sales have had a chilling effect.

The core issue now for every company that did an ICO: Was its “token” a security? And if it was, did the company register its offering with the SEC, or ensure that it qualified for an exemption?

SEC sees most ICOs as securities offerings—and companies failed to comply

Many of the companies that did ICOs called their offering something else, such as a “utility token” or a “SAFT” (Simple Agreement for Future Tokens, an ICO method in which investors buy a reservation for tokens yet to be launched), but the SEC does not care about those labels. It weighs each ICO on a case-by-case basis.

In July 2017, the SEC announced that it viewed the tokens offered by The DAO, an ICO that raised more than $150 million in 2016, as securities. Then, at a Senate hearing in February, SEC Chairman Jay Clayton said, “I believe every ICO I’ve seen is a security.”

Capital raising through blockchain requires compliance with federal securities laws https://t.co/IjOxjoVdfK  — SEC Enforcement (@SEC_Enforcement) July 25, 2017

William Hinman, the SEC’s director of corporation finance, provided further clarity in June at Yahoo Finance’s All Markets Summit when he said ether does not appear to be a security, but suggested that most ICOs are securities offerings, and that, “calling the transaction an initial coin offering, or ‘ICO,’ or a sale of a ‘token,’ will not take it out of the purview of the U.S. securities laws.”

Any U.S. company offering a security must register its offering with the SEC, or qualify for an exemption. Amid the ICO boom, virtually none have registered a security offering. Thus, they must meet an exemption. The SEC exemptions include selling only to investors outside the U.S., or selling only to accredited investors, which are individuals with income higher than $200,000 in each of the past two years or a minimum net worth of $1 million.

Ensuring that investors are fully accredited requires, as the SEC spells out plainly, “reviewing documentation, such as W-2s, tax returns, bank and brokerage statements, credit reports and the like.” In other words, it involves a lot more than just checking a box.

Many companies that thought they did properly limit their ICO to accredited investors are now finding out that in the eyes of the SEC, they didn’t.

Robert Cohen, chief of the cyber unit in the SEC’s enforcement division, likens it to a spectrum. When the SEC calls up a company that did an ICO and asks how the company limited its ICO to certain investors, “Some companies tell us the name of the law firm that advised them, explain the know-your-customer procedures they followed, and show us an investor list that is limited to accredited investors,” he says. “At the other end of the spectrum, some point to a website statement about limiting the ICO to some investors, and possibly checkboxes, and that’s it.”

“The law was pretty clear”

Some of the people particularly surprised to be in trouble are those who did their ICO as a SAFT, a designation that was intended specifically to be more compliant with securities law.

But some onlookers have little sympathy. Cardozo Law School professor Aaron Wright, who co-authored a paper that questioned the legality of the SAFT model, says, “There could have been other ways they could have structured it, like selling a digital good to people who actually wanted to use it, instead of predominately to speculative investors. They could have talked to the SEC first. I think the law was pretty clear that if you sell something to an investor, it’s likely a security—folks just wanted to engage in token sales, so they just kind of flouted it.”

In December 2017, the SEC shut down the $15 million ICO of a startup called Munchee and forced the company to refund the buyers. Munchee had advertised that its token would go up in value; promises of financial returns are a red flag for the SEC.

In January 2018, the SEC shut down the ICO of AriseBank, which had raised $600 million of a $1 billion goal, for falsely stating it had bought an FDIC-insured bank. In April 2018, the SEC shut down the $32 million ICO of Centra, which had been promoted by boxer Floyd Mayweather and rapper DJ Khaled, for using “misleading marketing” and “paid celebrities” to make false claims. Last month, the SEC charged TokenLot, which called itself an “ICO Superstore,” with being an unregistered broker-dealer, and charged Crypto Asset Management (CAM) with false marketing and being an unregistered investment company.

Those are just some examples that the SEC announced publicly.

Behind closed doors, many more negotiations are underway. The SEC has gotten dozens of ICOs to refund buyers and pay a fine, simply by reaching out and asking questions.

We received a second subpeona from the SEC, again collecting information from us as investors in a U.S. company. The legal costs of dealing with these are not insignificant. We will not invest in any further U.S. deals until the SEC clarifies token rules. Pivot to Asia. 
— Michael Arrington (@arrington) September 28, 2018

When the SEC reaches out to companies that did an ICO, it is usually through the company’s law firm. The SEC requests a vast trove of documents related to the ICO. Yahoo Finance and Decrypt have obtained communication that the law firm Cooley, which represented many ICOs, sent to one client after an SEC subpoena. The attorney letter warns, “The SEC is likely examining whether [client] should be considered a security under the U.S. federal securities laws… For the purposes of this preservation hold, ‘document’ is defined very broadly.”

Such language is leading many companies to refund their ICOs rather than attempt a legal fight. As one source at a company that got subpoenaed says, “The last thing we want is a press release they put out with only our name on it.”

Refunding tokens

The Fan-Controlled Football League (FCFL), the first ICO to be listed on the mainstream crowdfunding platform Indiegogo (through a partnership with MicroVentures), is one example. FCFL raised $5.2 million last year. In August of this year, MicroVentures quietly returned the money to the initial buyers. 

There’s just one problem with refunding. If an ICO gathered the proper information on its buyers, and hadn’t yet launched its token, returning the money is doable. But for ICOs that have launched their token, refunding is not so simple.

“It’s not even really possible,” says Jony Levin, CEO of Chainalysis. “In a lot of cases people bought tokens in ICOs through exchange accounts at places like Kraken. So you can’t just send tokens back to the address you got them from, because that’s an exchange address. If ICOs are made to refund buyers, it will have to be similar to the Mt. Gox case: you make a public announcement and people have to prove they were a contributor.”

As a way to pacify the SEC, some ICOs are attempting to convert their utility token to a security token. Iconomi, which raised more than $10 million in an ICO, is one example. In a blog post this month, Iconomi wrote that its token holders, “will be able to exchange their ICN tokens for tokenized shares in a joint-stock company presented as eICN tokens. This new structure brings legal clarity for all stakeholders.”

Filecoin, Blockstack, Props, Origin, and TrustToken, the five ICOs that have listed on the platform CoinList, all sold only to accredited investors, and none have launched their actual token yet. A source close to Blockstack says the company sees its token as a utility, but out of caution, chose to treat it like a security and comply with all the relevant securities laws.

“Right now it feels like a massive canyon”

All of this SEC action may sound like very bad news for ICOs, but many in the industry have a more optimistic take: regulatory clarity will bring growth. In addition, more and more companies considering a token sale are now reaching out to the SEC proactively.

“I do think that businesses on the up-and-up can navigate through it, and that in just two or three years we’ll have clarity, and we’ll look back on this time as a speed bump,” says the CEO of a well-known tech company who has closely watched the ICO space. “Of course, if you’re a company that is dealing with an SEC subpoena, right now it doesn’t feel like a speed bump, right now it feels like a massive canyon.”

The lingering lack of clarity has driven a group of crypto companies, led by Ripple, to hire D.C. lobbyists to push Congress on behalf of the industry.

From the SEC’s perspective, there is no lack of clarity. The sniff tests are the same as they have been for decades. The SEC is applying the same securities laws to ICOs that it always applies.

“Everybody’s holding their breath for the SEC to create some kind of coin rule, and they’re not going to,” says a securities attorney at one high-profile Silicon Valley firm. “They’re applying the same laws, the same statutes, the same rules, to stocks and bonds and everything else.”

In other words, there’s even a lack of clarity around whether there is a lack of regulatory clarity.

Source: https://decryptmedia.com/2018/10/10/sec-tightens-the-noose-on-ico-funded-startups/

This story is a collaboration between Yahoo Finance and Decrypt, with additional reporting by Josh Quittner.

Blockchain Venture Capital

Blockchain Venture Capital